This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 18-24 October 2025, and includes updates on respiratory viruses, monkeypox virus clade Ib, Ebola virus disease, dengue, West Nile virus infection, chikungunya virus disease, and expert deployments.
In this episode of ECDC On Air, we discuss the seasonal spread of respiratory viruses with ECDC's Principal Expert in Respiratory Viruses - Angeliki Melidou.
As Europe enters the autumn and winter months, respiratory infections are expected to considerably affect the health of individuals vulnerable to severe outcomes.
During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination programmes targeted children and adolescents to prevent severe outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection.AimTo estimate COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against hospitalisation due to COVID-19 in the paediatric population, among those with and without previously documented SARS-CoV-2 infection.
We estimated XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection among adults aged ≥ 65 years during the 2023/2024 JN.1 lineage-predominant period in a European multi-country test-negative case-control study at primary care level.
There is still widespread circulation of COVID-19 in the EU/EEA, although it is decreasing. RSV and influenza transmission remain low — for now. Consider getting vaccinated against seasonal respiratory viruses.